N-Leucinyl benzenesulfonamides as structurally simplified leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors

Charlton, Michael H. and Aleksis, Rihards and Saint-Leger, Adelaide and Gupta, Arya and Loza, Einars and Ribas, Lluis and Kaula, Ilze and Gustina, Daina and Madre, Marina and Lola, Daina and Jaudzems, Kristaps and Edmund, Grace and Randall, Christopher P. and Kime, Louise and O'Neill, Alex J. and Goessens, Wil and Jirgensons, Aigars and Finn, Paul W. (2018) N-Leucinyl benzenesulfonamides as structurally simplified leucyl-tRNA synthetase inhibitors. ACS Medicinal Chemistry Letters. ISSN 1948-5875

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Abstract

N-Leucinyl benzenesulfonamides have been discovered as a novel class of potent inhibitors of E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase. The binding of inhibitors to the enzyme was measured by using isothermal titration calorimetry. This provided information on enthalpy and entropy contributions to binding, which, together with docking studies, were used for structure–activity relationship analysis. Enzymatic assays revealed that N-leucinyl benzenesulfonamides display remarkable selectivity for E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase compared to S. aureus and human orthologues. The simplest analogue of the series, N-leucinyl benzenesulfonamide (R = H), showed the highest affinity against E. coli leucyl-tRNA synthetase and also exhibited antibacterial activity against Gram-negative pathogens (the best MIC = 8 μg/mL, E. coli ATCC 25922), which renders it as a promising template for antibacterial drug discovery.

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